(TMI-ARMY Files) 1982 - Sleep Discipline

--- PAGE 1 (OCR) --- i 3 - TECHNICAL APPROACH 3.1 Continuous Operations in Battle Continuous battle operations producing cease sleep loss and fatigue are capable of being supported and extended. Adapting the sleep inducing method patented by the Monroe Institute of Applied Sciences (MIAS), sleep induction can be demonstrated on a scheduled basis to sus- tain soldier performance. Performance decrements on critical tasks and operations can be reduced for prolonged performance and improved leader- ship control. Remediation of sleep loss and fatigue is proposed by indu- cing group and individual sleep/working cycles, improving individual sol- dier sleeping behavior by self-induction procedures, and effecting more acceptable sleep-rest ratios for individual soldiers. 3.2 Sleep Discipline Sleep schedules must be conceived as adaptable, within reason, as long as a rest is experienced at one or more levels of intensity. A ratio between the amount of sleeprest experienced and the action/work tolerated is dependent in part on the intensity of sleep-rest induced by the MIAS method of sleep conditioning of the soldier's self-induction procedures. Scheduling of sleep-rest and work under a traditional regimen can minimize performance decrements to some extent using the schedules described above (para 2.8). However, scheduling may be developed using less sleep-rest but intensifying the sleep-rest experienced for an induced time span, then --- PAGE 2 (OCR) --- returnifig to action/work with the enhancement of an equivalent four or more hours of rest as gained via the Monroe method and procedures. Sleep induction is the first phase of training proposed where selected soldiers will receive group/individual instruction in the procedures for applying the Monroe method of sleep discipline. For this continuous oper- ations analysis, the technology is termed the Army Rapid Acquisition Training (ARAT) approach for sleep learning and relaxation. The ARAT approach to sleep discipline will consist of prearranged schedule and series of recorded or taped training exercises. The ARAT approach will use sound to help create simultaneously an identical wave form in both brain hemispheres (hemispheric synchronization). When the ear hears a certain type of sound signal, similar electrical Signals resonate in the brain. then such recorded pulses induce resonate signals, the frequency following response (FFR) in the brain, the mind experiences states that are associated with those brain waves responding under the MIAS proprie- tary approach. With the ARAT approach the whole brain - both hemispheres - will be focused on an identical state of awareness at the same time. Sleep conditioning is the second phase of training proposed for the selected soldiers. As individuals or groups experience this new approach to sleep discipline, self control of the sleep state becomes appropriate with modified use of the Monroe instructional sound tapes (MIST). Gaining direct experience each soldier can change the pattern of sound pulses from long to shorter periods of sleep. Progressing on a self-paced schedule to learn the procedures for inducing the sleep state can move to a soldier to --- PAGE 3 (OCR) --- the point where sleeping cues are recreated from memory and sleep is willed. All members of a fighting unit must larn to cope with the impact of adverse factors, such as sleep loss. Coping is a combat skillfthat may well become as important as any other combat skill in continuous oper- ations. Using a self conditioning $e coping strategy individual ability can be developed to compensate for the increasing effects of sleep loss, changes in wake/sleep cycles, and stress. 3.3. Technology Gap in the US Army With the expected increase of nine to twelve pulses of combat per day over the three to six experienced during heavy combat during WWII, the technology to achieve sleep discipline becoms. of utmost impftptance. As sound and acfoustical research has progressed through the years, the phe- nomena related to auditory beats processed in the brain have also become of special interst. While binaural beats were discovered in 1839 by Dove, a German researcher, this auditory condition has only stirred interest in the last few years concerning the effects on consciousness and perceptual states. The effect of binaural beats using experimentally derived sound pulses has shown controllable variations in brain waves. When the audi- tory binaural phenomena interact to generate low amplitude brain waves, behavioral changes in perceptions and subsequent performance are noted. The technology gap in sleep discipline can be closed and largely resolved with an ‘operational application of the MIAS sleep training approach. Research from MIAS resulted in a 1975 granted patent based upon the use of binaural sound pulses to induced a frequency following rSponse (FFR) in ui] 3 --- PAGE 4 (OCR) --- the hunfan brain. This process using sound pulses helps to create simul- taneously an identical wave form in both brain hemispheres, giving hemis- pheric synchronization (HEMI-SYNC). Where one’s ear hears a certain type of sound signal, it tends to respond or "resonate" with the similar elec- trical signals (FFR) in the brain. Since various known electical brain waves are indicators of states of consciousness (awake/asleep), similar sound patterns can be heard and perceived to help achieve a daéreased state of awareness. The HEMI-SYNC phenomenon advances a further important xe Each ear sends its dominant nerve signal to the opposite brain hemisphere. By sending separate sound pulses to each ear (using headphones to isolate one ear from the other), the halves of the brain must act in union to "hear" a third signal, which is the difference between the two signals in each ear. It is never an actual sound, but it is an electrical signal that only can be created by both brain hemispheres acting and working together. The HEMI-SYNC process has and is being tested for a variety of situations to fill the technology gap. There will be little need, if ever, to use drugs in sleep discipline programming. Data supports the effectiveness of enhanced sleep experience for may clients. Stress-tension reduction, con- trol of pain, accelerated learning, rapid psychotherapy, problem solving with expanded creativity, and even physical coordination indicate modifi- cation for more favorable results using the MIAS sound pulses to mediate beneficial individual responses. The ARAT approach proposes basically that test tapes be developed with suitable operational scenario material ¢ --- PAGE 5 (OCR) --- to suppért realism in a carefully designed training sequence using con- trolled sleep loss rates. The testing/training tapes content shall have generic and specific material based on an accelerated sequence of motiva- tional conditions and reinforcement of expected requirements for guided sleep performance. Tape procedures shall serve to enhance soldier/leader alertness after a state of sleep/rest and to guide individual task perfor- mance and fatigue control. This training test will efplore the technical feasibility of individual/unit sleep training, operational characteris- tics, and mission utility when introducing controlled sleep practices. 3.5 Training Program The front-end analysis for sleep discipline training will be performed to identify the given performance requirements according to sleep loss ratios and proposed enhancesfit of critical tasks during the operational scenario selected. Front-end analysis will identify the tasks/skills required to conduct the training operations or functions and where the expected sleep loss and stress will require specified counteraction with a variety of sleep discipline techniques and remedies. Training objectives to be agreed on will have the critical tasks arrayed preceding the comple- tion of the training objectives. Then the given sleep/rest and control procedures or exercises are to be applied at given points in time and during the training to observe the sleep discipline treatments and furnish data for experimental comparisons. Treatment procedures and schedules shall be defined and prepared to conduct and carefully present the treatments to the training subjects. & --- PAGE 6 (OCR) --- Subjects ‘are performing as test players in a training scenario that should run 96 hours to assess sleep discipline effects. It is proposed that three groups of 20 soldiers each be randomly assigned to treatments con- sisting of suggested sleep/rest periods (I), the ARAT approach to schedule sleep induction (II), and a positive attitude group without any specific guidance (III). These treatments are to be fully described and will place no stress on test players beyond that experienced during similar training operations under arduous conditions emphasizing combat situations. The ARAT approach using the uniquely designed MIST is the experimental treat- ment for Group II. Groups I and III are controls to account for the pos- sible individual and group variation in experiencing sleep, and both groups then will provide a strenuous check on the experimental group. Suggested sleep/rest periods (1), must conform to the training scenario requirements and permit this treatment only as time may permit for test Players to apply suggested techniques other than the ARAT appoach. Group III will be given only a positive attitude statement that, "We expect them to do a good job and sleep, rest, or relax whenever it can be done without compromising their missiong. " Application of the treatments shall take place in the course of train- ing in the most unobt nce way. GroupsI and III shall phase their sleep/rest cycles on the training schedule and priority for objectives to help assure completion of the test plan, while utilizing their individual and leadership choices to find sufficient sleep/rest. Group shall observe a similar “abo sequence but must gayge their sleep/rest peri- ods to enter a "quiet" removed from on-going operations to be observed by “sy --- PAGE 7 (OCR) --- wet test cyihges and follow the directed MIST procedures throughout the opera- tional scenario. Any test player of the three groups experiencing person- al problems or obvious discomfort shall be released to his/her unit con- trol. Orientation of the test players is to be presented for all person- nel involved and then for each of the three groups. Just as the typical troop leader directs a given unit, each group will have an operational identity and receive instructions about the quality and nature of the training scenario to be followed. The role of the assigned research per- sonnel will be geared to minimize their physical presence. Of particular importance is the fact that instructions for the Group II test players will require more observation and control initially by research person- nel. Test players in Group, must grasp the instructions and have time to ask questions to assure their understanding is adequate and they begin the ARAT on a fairly common baseline of experience. Another crucial demension for the Group II test players is the process of conditioned association when using the MIST material. Jt is possible and expected that continued use of the MIST beyond the 96 hour scenario for at. least three weeks will enhance test player sleep discipline.to the extent that each individual can learn the cues regarding intensive sleep discipline via the ARAT. Again, it can be demonstrated with proficient test-players mastering [ilgeep discipline tasks - leaders and unit members - that sleep discipline can be learned and recreated from memory when self initiated under fatigue. This state of sleep consciousness can be volun- tary or willed. --- PAGE 8 (OCR) --- 3.6 Tet and Evaluation Program To meet the requirements the ARAT sleep discipline approach (ARAT/ MIST) must be evaluated as proposed at a typical organizational level with